List of dialects of the English language
Categories: English dialects | Forms of English
This is a list of varieties of the English language. Dialects are varieties differing in pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar not to be confused with the regional accents of English speakers, which mark speakers as members of groups by their various pronunciations of the standard language.
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International classifications
- International English or World English
- Commonwealth English
- North American English
- Mid-Atlantic English
- South Asian English
- East Asian English
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Europe
- European English
- British English (BrE)
- Received Pronunciation (Queen's English, BBC English)
- England (English English (EngEng))
- Northern English
- Midlands English
- East
- Derbyshire
- Nottingham
- Lincolnshire
- Leicestershire
- West
- Black Country (Yam Yam)
- Birmingham (Brummie)
- Potteries (North Staffordshire)
- Southern West-Midlands (Worcestershire/Warwickshire)
- East
- East Anglian
- Norfolk (Broad Norfolk)
- Suffolk Dialect
- Southern English
- Estuary English
- Cockney (London)
- Patawa (Immigrant groups of London)
- Somerset
- Devon
- Cornwall
- Dorset
- Scotland
- Wales
- Ireland (Eire and Northern Ireland)
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North America
- American English (AmE)
- Cultural
- African-American Vernacular English (AAVE)
- General American
- Nuyorican English
- Hawaiian Pidgin English
- Chicano English
- Native American English (Amerindian English) (see also subtypes below)
- Pennsylvania Dutchified English
- Yinglish
- Regional
- Appalachian English
- Baltimorese
- Boston English
- California English
- Coastal Southeast English (Charleston, South Carolina, Savannah, Georgia area)
- Hawaiian English
- Hawaiian Pidgin
- Hayna Valley English (Scranton, Pennsylvania-area)
- Hudson Valley English (Albany, New York-area)
- Inland North American (Lower peninsula of Michigan, Chicago and upstate New York)
- Louisianian English
- New York-New Jersey English
- North Central American English (includes Minnesota, North Dakota and some of South Dakota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Iowa)
- North Midlands English (thin swath from Nebraska to Ohio)
- Philadelphia-area English
- Pittsburgh English
- Providence-area English
- South Midlands English (thin swath from Oklahoma to Pennsylvania)
- Southern American English
- Southern Highland English
- St. Louis-area English
- Western American English
- Wisconsin-Illinois dialect
- Cultural
- Bermudian English
- Canadian English
- Native American English (Amerindian English)
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Caribbean
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Asia
- Hong Kong English
- Indian English
- Malaysian English
- Philippine English
- Singapore English
- Sri Lankan English (SLE)
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Africa
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Oceania
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Constructed
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Sign languages based on English
- Main article: Manually Coded English
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Pidgins and creoles
- Bislama
- Cameroonian Pidgin English
- Canton English
- Gullah
- Hawaiian Pidgin
- Krio
- Nigerian Pidgin
- Norfuk
- Tok Pisin
- Miskito Coastal Creole
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The "Ishes"
While not technically dialects, these variants may nonetheless be of interest to students of global English. Most are not genuine mixed languages, but rather instances of heavy code-switching between English and another language. Some have stabilized into local dialects of English spoken by first-language English speakers. Greeklish and Pinglish might appear to be similar but are in fact transliteration methods.
- Benglish (Bengali English)
- Chinglish (Chinese English)
- Danglish (Danish English)
- Dunglish (Dutch English)
- Englog (Filipino English)
- Engrish (Japanese English)
- Finglish (Finnish English)
- Franglais (French English)
- Genglish/Ginglish/Germish/Pseudo-Anglicism (German English)
- Hinglish (Hindi English)
- Hunglish (Hungarian English)
- Konglish (South Korean English)
- Manglish (Malaysian English)
- Runglish (Russian English)
- Serblish (Serbian English)
- Singlish (Singaporean English)
- Spanglish/Nuyorican (Spanish English)
- Swenglish (Swedish English)
- Taglish (Filipino English)
- Tanglish (Tamil English)
- Tinglish/Thailish (Thai English)
- Vinish (Vietnamese English)
- Yeshivish (Yeshiva English)
- Yinglish (Yiddish English)
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See also
- History of the English language
- Old English
- Middle English
- Early Modern English
- Modern English
- macaronic
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