Nucleoside
Categories: Glycosides | Heterocyclic bases | Biology stubs
Nucleosides are glycosylamines made by attaching a nucleobase to a ribose ring. Examples of these include cytidine, uridine, adenosine, guanosine, thymidine and inosine.
Nucleosides can be phosphorylated by specific kinases in the cell, producing nucleotides, which are the molecular building blocks of DNA and RNA.
Nucleosides are produced as the second step in nucleic acid digestion, when nucleotidases break down nucleotides (such as the thymine nucleotide) into nucleosides (such as thymidine). The nucleosides, in turn, are subsequently broken down by nucleosidases into nitrogenous bases, ribose or deoxyribose sugars, and phosphates. In humans, this occurs in the small intestine.
See also
| Nucleic acids |
|---|
| Nucleobases: Adenine - Thymine - Uracil - Guanine - Cytosine - Purine - Pyrimidine |
| Nucleosides: Adenosine - 5-Methyluridine - Uridine - Guanosine - Cytidine - Deoxyadenosine - Thymidine - Deoxyuridine - Deoxyguanosine - Deoxycytidine - Ribose - Deoxyribose |
| Nucleotides: AMP - UMP - GMP - CMP - ADP - UDP - GDP - CDP - ATP - UTP - GTP - CTP - cAMP - cGMP |
| Deoxynucleotides: dAMP - dTMP - dUMP - dGMP - dCMP - dADP - dTDP - dUDP - dGDP - dCDP - dATP - dTTP - dUTP - dGTP - dCTP |
| Nucleic acids: DNA - RNA - LNA - PNA - mRNA - ncRNA - miRNA - rRNA - shRNA - siRNA - tRNA - mtDNA - Oligonucleotide |
es:Nucleósido fr:Nucléoside nl:Nucleoside ja:ヌクレオシド pl:Nukleozyd
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